For most 4F certifications, stringer beads are preferred to avoid overheating the base metal.
The completed test specimen undergoes to check for profile uniformity, undercut, and surface porosity. Following a successful visual check, the specimen is subjected to a Fillet Weld Break Test or macro-etch testing. During a break test, the vertical plate is folded down against the flat plate to expose the root of the weld. Examiners check the fractured surface for complete root penetration, lack of fusion, slag inclusions, or internal voids. Passing this test certifies the welder for structural overhead fillet operations. 4f welding position full
In flat (1F) or horizontal (2F) welding, gravity helps pool the molten metal into the joint. In 4F, gravity pulls the puddle straight down—away from the arc and the joint. For most 4F certifications, stringer beads are preferred